The global lab grown diamond market will grow 60 per cent in the next seven years, from $27.7bn this year to $44.5bn in 2032, according to India-based Coherent Market Insights (CMI).
That represents a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7 per cent annually. It did not provide comparable figures for the natural diamond market, although growth there is expected to be considerably slower.
The CMI report identifies North America as the current market leader, expected to capture roughly 40% of global demand in 2025.
However, it says the Asia-Pacific region, which currently accounts for 40 per cent of lab grown sales, is projected to experience the fastest growth, driven by rapid industrialization and increasing disposable incomes.
China is the biggest producer – accounting for almost half of global production – but most is by HPHT, an older and less sophisticated system than CVD.
When looking closely at a diamond’s cut, one feature that often goes unnoticed is the culet. Though small, this detail plays a role in both the durability and the overall appearance of a stone.
Defining the Culet
The culet is the tiny facet at the very bottom of a diamond’s pavilion. Traditionally, it was cut to protect the fragile tip of the diamond from chipping or damage. In modern cutting, many diamonds are fashioned with either a very small culet or none at all, creating what appears to be a sharp point.
When viewed under magnification, a culet may look like a small circle in the centre of the diamond’s table (the flat top surface). Grading reports will often describe it using terms such as “None,” “Very Small,” “Small,” or “Medium.”
The Purpose of the Culet
Durability: The culet prevents the diamond’s pointed tip from breaking during setting or daily wear.
Light Performance: A well-proportioned culet has little to no effect on brilliance, but if the culet is too large, it can be visible through the table, appearing as a dark spot.
Aesthetic Tradition: Older cuts, such as Old European or Old Mine cuts, often feature larger culets, which are considered a hallmark of antique diamonds.
What if the Diamond Has No Point at the Bottom?
In modern cutting, some diamonds are designed without a defined point or traditional culet at the base. Instead of tapering to a sharp tip, the pavilion may finish with a flattened surface or an elongated structure.
This is sometimes informally described as a linear culet—a feature where the bottom of the stone forms a line or edge rather than a point.
Linear Culet – Not Standard Terminology
It’s important to note that “linear culet” is not a recognised term in official diamond grading systems. Laboratories such as GIA (Gemological Institute of America) or DCLA (Diamond Certification Laboratory of Australia) will not use this terminology on grading reports. Instead, they simply describe the culet as “None,” “Pointed,” or with size descriptors.
However, for a novice jeweller and clients, the term linear culet can be a helpful way of communicating what the eye perceives — especially in cases where the diamond clearly does not come to a point. Using this descriptive language provides clarity in conversation, even if it doesn’t appear on formal certificates.
Conclusion
The culet may be one of the smallest aspects of a diamond, but it reflects both the stone’s cutting tradition and the cutter’s intention to balance brilliance with durability. Whether pointed, open, or even described informally as linear, the culet is a fascinating detail that connects modern diamonds with centuries of cutting history.
Taylor Swift and Travis Kelce’s engagement has captured global attention but it’s the diamond on Swift’s finger that has the jewellery world talking. The ring, created by Kindred Lubeck of Artifex Fine Jewelry, showcases what appears to be an old mine cut diamond, set in a delicate yellow gold bezel band. Its vintage charm, impressive size, and famous wearer have already made it one of the most talked-about engagement rings of the year.
What Makes Old Mine Cut Diamonds Special?
Old mine cuts are antique diamonds, hand-cut in the 18th and 19th centuries, before modern technology standardised proportions. Each one is truly unique, known for:
Chunky facets that give off a soft, romantic sparkle.
A high crown and small table, creating depth and character.
An open culet, a tiny facet at the bottom that adds to its antique charm.
Unlike today’s round brilliants, no two old mine cuts are ever the same—making them a perfect choice for those who want something one-of-a-kind.
The Value of Swift’s Diamond
Experts estimate Taylor’s diamond to be between 8 and 15 carats, with valuations ranging anywhere from USD $400,000 to over $1 million depending on its exact specifications. While few engagement ring budgets stretch quite that far, her choice highlights a rising trend: a return to antique and vintage stones.
Why Are Couples Choosing Antique Cuts?
In recent years, there’s been a growing interest in diamonds with personality and heritage. With the rise of lab-grown diamonds offering affordability and size, many buyers are instead turning to antique stones for uniqueness and history. As one jeweller put it: “Antique stones offer character you simply can’t replicate.”
A Timeless Trend
Taylor Swift’s engagement ring has brought the old mine cut back into the spotlight, and for many couples, it’s a reminder that engagement rings don’t have to follow the latest modern style. Choosing an antique cut is about more than sparkle—it’s about individuality, history, and wearing a diamond with a story.
At the Diamond Certification Laboratory of Australia (DCLA), we see growing demand for antique diamonds, and we understand why. They’re rare, distinctive, and timeless—just like the love stories they represent.
The volatility in the global diamond industry is beginning to have severe humanitarian and economic consequences across producer and manufacturing nations. Recent developments highlight the fragility of economies that rely heavily on diamonds, and the urgent need for market stability.
Botswana: Diamond Slump Triggers Public Health Emergency
Botswana, the world’s leading diamond producer by value, has declared a public health emergency after revenues from diamond sales halved in 2024. Production is expected to fall by at least 25 per cent this year, leaving the government with severe financial shortfalls.
Earlier today (25 August), President Duma Boko announced the emergency, citing a critical shortage of essential medicines. To address the crisis, 5 billion pula (USD 348m) has been reallocated from other government funds, while the state-owned Botswana Development Corporation has pledged 100 million pula (USD 7.3m). The president has also appealed to pension and insurance funds for support.
The military has been mobilised to distribute urgently needed medical supplies to rural areas. The Ministry of Health has identified shortages in medicines for hypertension, cancers, diabetes, asthma, eye conditions, tuberculosis, sexual and reproductive health, and mental health.
Although President Boko has referred to “market challenges” in official statements, local and international media have directly linked the crisis to collapsing diamond revenues, underlining the nation’s heavy dependence on the industry.
India: Tariffs Threaten 150,000 Diamond Jobs
In India, which processes the vast majority of the world’s diamonds, the industry faces a fresh crisis as the United States prepares to double tariffs on polished stones from 25 per cent to 50 per cent on 27 August.
The Diamond Workers Union Gujarat (DWUG), which represents a large section of Surat’s workforce, has warned Prime Minister Narendra Modi that the tariff hike could wipe out 150,000 to 200,000 jobs – nearly a fifth of India’s diamond workforce.
DWUG is urging the government to revive the Ratnadeep Scheme, originally introduced in 2008–09 during the global financial crisis. The scheme provided retraining opportunities and a daily stipend for unemployed diamond workers.
The union has also raised alarm over rising distress among workers, noting that at least 80 unemployed diamantaires have taken their lives in the last two years.
Zimbabwe: Building Closer Trade Links with India
While Botswana and India face mounting pressures, Zimbabwe is positioning itself to deepen diamond trade relations with India.
Vice President Constantino Chiwenga recently visited Surat to explore direct trade agreements that would bypass intermediaries. He also invited Indian investors to consider joint ventures in Zimbabwe’s mineral processing and industrial sectors.
With US tariffs on Zimbabwean diamonds set at 15 per cent – compared to India’s new 50 per cent rate – Zimbabwe sees an opportunity to attract Indian buyers and investors.
During the visit, Chiwenga met with leaders of Hari Krishna Exports to discuss partnerships aimed at moving Zimbabwe further up the value chain, from rough exports to local cutting, polishing, and manufacturing. Such developments could create significant employment opportunities, build local expertise, and reduce poverty in diamond-producing communities.
The Bigger Picture
These three stories highlight the immense global impact of diamond market fluctuations. For producer nations like Botswana and Zimbabwe, as well as manufacturing hubs like India, the stakes are not merely financial – they are deeply social and humanitarian.
The current instability underscores the importance of transparent, sustainable, and diversified diamond economies, alongside stronger international collaboration, to secure both industry resilience and the livelihoods of millions who depend on it.
The diamond industry has long sought to improve transparency and accountability in how stones are tracked from mine to market. Historically, this relied on paper certificates and manual verification, which were open to forgery, loss, or human error. In recent years, blockchain technology has been introduced as a potential game-changer, offering an immutable digital record of a diamond’s provenance.
From Certificates to Blockchain
Where traditional certificates only provided a snapshot at one point in time, blockchain creates a permanent digital ledger that records every transaction across the supply chain. By using cryptography and decentralisation, platforms like De Beers’ Tracr system provide real-time verification and an unbroken chain of custody for participating diamonds.
For newly mined stones, this represents an important step forward in consumer confidence. Every registered diamond receives a unique digital identity, effectively becoming a “digital twin” of the physical gem. As the diamond travels through cutting, polishing, wholesale, and retail, each transfer is logged and verifiable.
The Limitation: 95% of Diamonds Already in Public Hands
However, while blockchain provides strong assurances for newly mined diamonds, it is important to recognise its limits. More than 95% of all natural diamonds ever mined are already in private hands in jewellery, collections, and across secondary markets. These stones, already in circulation, were never registered on blockchain platforms and therefore cannot be retrospectively traced using this technology.
This means the vast majority of diamonds in existence today remain outside blockchain systems. While blockchain strengthens transparency for future production, it does not solve the challenges of verifying provenance for the overwhelming supply of diamonds already circulating globally.
Why This Matters for Consumers
For buyers and sellers in the secondary market, blockchain is not yet a universal solution. Laboratory expertise remains essential in verifying authenticity, grading, and ensuring consumer protection. At DCLA, as the official CIBJO laboratory for Australia, we recognise the critical role of independent certification. Accurate grading and unbiased reporting remain the foundation of consumer trust particularly for stones not captured by blockchain.
The Future of Diamond Transparency
De Beers’ blockchain initiative is a milestone that may eventually become standard practice across the industry. It addresses many historical weaknesses in tracking systems and aligns with modern consumer demand for ethical sourcing. But for now, blockchain is only part of the answer. The larger challenge remains: how to ensure transparency and trust for the diamonds already in circulation, which make up the majority of the world’s natural supply.
At DCLA, we believe blockchain should be seen as a complementary tool not a replacement for independent laboratory grading and certification. Only by combining robust science with innovative digital systems can the diamond industry achieve true transparency.
In Surat, India’s famed “Diamond City”, where 14 out of every 15 natural diamonds are cut and polished, a deepening crisis is unfolding.
For Kalpesh Patel, a 35-year-old owner of a small diamond cutting and polishing unit, this year’s Diwali could mark more than just a festival of lights — it may signal the lights going out on his eight-year-old business. Patel employs 40 workers transforming rough stones into polished gems destined primarily for the United States. But with the recent announcement by US President Donald Trump of a 50% tariff on imports from India — taking the total duty on cut and polished diamonds to 52.1% — the industry’s already fragile state may tip into collapse.
The US is India’s largest export market for diamonds, accounting for over one-third of total shipments. In the 2024–25 financial year, India exported $4.8 billion worth of cut and polished diamonds to the US, out of a total $13.2 billion worldwide. For many small and medium-sized manufacturers in Surat, Ahmedabad, and Rajkot — employing more than two million people — this trade lifeline is now under severe threat.
An Industry Already Under Pressure
The tariffs arrive on top of multiple recent challenges. The COVID-19 pandemic slowed global luxury demand, the Russia-Ukraine conflict restricted access to rough diamonds, and the G7 ban on Russian stones further strained supply chains. Salaries for many diamond workers in Gujarat have already been halved in recent years, with some forced into poverty-level incomes. Tragically, industry unions report dozens of suicides linked to the ongoing downturn.
Lab-grown diamonds have added to the pressure, offering consumers a lower-priced alternative — often just 10% of the cost of natural diamonds — and proving difficult to distinguish without professional laboratory testing, such as that provided by DCLA. This shift in consumer preference is eating into the market for natural stones, further squeezing margins for cutters and polishers.
Declining Trade Figures
According to the Gem and Jewellery Export Promotion Council (GJEPC), India imported $10.8 billion worth of rough diamonds in 2024–25, a 24% drop from the previous year. Exports of cut and polished natural diamonds fell nearly 17% year-on-year.
Industry leaders warn that if the new US tariffs remain in place, as many as 200,000 workers could lose their jobs in Gujarat alone.
Ripple Effects Beyond India
The impact will not be confined to India. US jewellers — around 70,000 businesses — will also feel the pressure as higher prices could dampen consumer demand. This could disrupt supply chains, delay deliveries, and push customers towards alternative products.
Finding a Way Forward
Some in the industry see an opportunity to strengthen domestic demand and diversify exports towards Latin America, the Middle East, and other emerging markets. India’s domestic gems and jewellery market is projected to grow from $85 billion to $130 billion within two years, offering a potential buffer.
For now, though, the threat is real and urgent. Without relief on tariffs, support for natural diamond certification, and a coordinated strategy to protect jobs, the world’s biggest cutting and polishing centre risks losing its global dominance — and with it, a key part of the natural diamond supply chain.
As Patel puts it, “Without help, the business will lose its shine forever.”
South Africa is to sign up to the milestone Luanda Accord, which is funding a global campaign to promote natural diamonds.
It joined the governments of Angola, Botswana, Namibia, Sierra Leone and the Democratic Republic of the Congo, in June in pledging to contribute 1 per cent of the value of their rough sales annually.
But the move was only approved South Africa’s cabinet last week. Minister in the Presidency Khumbudzo Ntshavheni and confirmed the decision on 7 August, committing 1 per cent of the annual revenues generated from rough diamond sales to a global marketing fund led by the Natural Diamond Council (NDC).
South Africa, the world’s sixth biggest diamond producing nation by value, saw sales down by 21 per cent last year amid the global slowdown.
The country’s mining minister mining minister Gwede Mantashe was listed as a signatory to the Luanda Accord in an official communique after the agreement.
But a conflicting Reuters report said South Africa did not actually sign at the time and has only done so now.
The Luanda Accord is seen as a potential turning point for the sector, aiming to rebuild consumer trust and interest in natural diamonds over lab growns, by emphasizing their origin, authenticity, and community impact.
It will highlight the positive economic and social contributions of the natural diamond industry to producing nations and their communities.
Governments of the African diamond producing nations have been joined by the Antwerp World Diamond Centre (AWDC), African Diamond Producers Association, India’s Gem and Jewellery Export Promotion Council (GJEPC) and the Dubai Multi Commodities Centre (DMCC).
Petra Diamonds has announced plans for a major refinancing program – together with a 33 per cent slide in revenue for FY2025.
The UK-based miner, which has recently sold off two of its four diamond mines, is facing substantial financial and operational challenges.
It is proposing an extension of senior secured bank debt and notes due early next year to 2029 and 2030 respectively, together with a $25m rights issue.
The moves are designed to preserve cash, extend debt repayment timelines, and ensure Petra can continue investing in its two remaining core mines – Cullinan and Finsch, both in South Africa.
Petra’s latest sales results, published on the same day (8 August) as its refinancing package, show some positive momentum in the market with like-for-like rough diamond prices from its latest tender, but revenue for Q4 was down 49 per cent year-on-year to $50m.
Revenue for FY2025 was $206m, down 33 per cent year-on-year from $309m and net debt increased to $264m.
“We would once again like to acknowledge the resilience shown by our employees in navigating a very difficult period for the company and the diamond sector as whole,” the company said in its Q4 and FY 2025 Operating Update.
Meanwhile, in its refinancing proposal Petra said: “Petra has, over the past 18 months, been focused on an internal restructuring that has resulted in a simpler and more streamlined business and operating model.
“This has included the sale of the Koffiefontein and Williamson mines, multiple labour restructuring initiatives and an optimisation and smoothing of the group’s capital development profiles.”
Indian jewelry retailer Tanishq is introducing in-store diamond evaluation some of its 500-plus outlets, as part of an ongoing partnership with de Beers.
Customers will be able to see proof that the diamond they’re buying is natural rather than lab grown, thanks to the De Beers SynthDetect machine, which works with loose and mounted stones.
They can also have diamonds tested with Lightscope, which measures light performance, and with other equipment for performance, inclusions, and laser markings.
Tanishq, part of the Titan group, says the launch of its Diamonds Expertise Centres is designed to give customers greater peace of mind by presenting complex gemological data as simple, visual insights. It says the centers are a “first of a kind initiative”.
The first three are in Bengaluru, but the company plans to expand them to 200 stores this year and eventually to all its outlets.
Ajoy Chawla, CEO at Tanishq, said: “Our aim is to set a new standard in natural diamond retail — one that goes beyond traditional display and transforms the buying journey into a transparent, educational, and truly immersive experience.”
Last August Tanishq and De Beers jointly announced that they’d be working together to promote natural diamonds in India, now the world’s second biggest diamond market.
The partnership leverages Tanishq’s retail presence and De Beers’ expertise and proprietary diamond verification technology.
US President Donald Trump today (6 August) doubled the tariff on all imports from India to 50 per cent, as a punishment for its oil purchases from Russia.
India’s diamond industry, already reeling from confirmation last week of a 25 per cent reciprocal tariff, is in shock that their goods will be subject to a second 25 per cent surcharge.
“I find that the Government of India is currently directly or indirectly importing Russian Federation oil,” Trump said in an executive order.
“Accordingly, and as consistent with applicable law, articles of India imported into the customs territory of the United States shall be subject to an additional ad valorem rate of duty of 25 per cent.”
The first 25 per cent tariff comes into force tomorrow (Thursday 7 August) and the new, punitive tariff is applicable three weeks from now, on 27 August.
The US is the single largest destination for Indian diamonds and gems, accounting for nearly $10bn or about 30 per cent of India’s annual gems and jewelry exports.
Industry leaders were already warning of the dire consequences of a 25 per cent tariff. Now they are facing an unprecedented body blow with the introduction of a 50 per cent double-tariff.
India’s Ministry of External Affairs said in a statement today that the tariffs were “unfair, unjustified and unreasonable”.
It defended its Russian oil purchases, saying they were “based on market factors and done with the overall objective of ensuring the energy security of 1.4 billion people of India”.
The US imposition of an extra tariff was, it said, “extremely unfortunate”.
